As 10 parábolas mais importantes de Jesus
Jesus ensinou lições profundas por meio de parábolas, histórias curtas e simbólicas que comunicam verdades espirituais. Cada parábola tem um significado especial e atemporal, revelando o caráter de Deus e ensinando como viver como cristãos. Aqui estão 10 das parábolas mais marcantes e suas lições:
1. Parábola do Semeador (Mateus 13:3-9)
3 And He spoke to them many things in parables, saying: "Behold, a sower went out to sow.
4 And as he sowed, some seed fell alongside the road; and the birds came and devoured them.
5 But others fell on the stony ground, where it did not have much earth; and immediately it sprang up, because it had no depth of earth.
6 But when the sun rose, it was scorched, and because it had no root, it withered away.
7 But others fell among thorns, and the thorns sprang up and choked them out.
8 But others fell on good ground and it was yielding fruit: some a hundred[fold], some sixty, some thirty.
9 He who has ears to hear, let him hear!"
A parábola do semeador fala sobre a receptividade das pessoas à Palavra de Deus. Cada tipo de solo representa diferentes maneiras de receber e aplicar o Evangelho em nossas vidas. Somente um coração fértil e comprometido pode dar frutos espirituais abundantes.
2. O Bom Samaritano (Lucas 10:25-37)
25 And behold, a certain lawyer stood up and tested Him, saying, "Teacher, what shall I do to inherit eternal life?"
26 He said to him, "What is written in the law? How do you read [it]?"
27 So he answered and said, "'You shall love the LORD your God with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your strength, and with all your mind,' and 'your neighbor as yourself.' "
28 And He said to him, "You have answered correctly; do this and you shall live."
29 But he, wanting to justify himself, said to Jesus, "And who is my neighbor?"
30 Then Jesus answered and said: "A certain man was going down from Jerusalem to Jericho, and encountered bandits, who after having stripped him of his clothing and having wounded him, departed, leaving [him] half dead.
31 Now by coincidence a certain priest was coming down that road. And when he saw him, he passed by on the opposite side.
32 Likewise a Levite, arriving at the place, came and saw, and passed by on the opposite side.
33 But a certain Samaritan, as he traveled, came by him; and when he saw him, he was moved with compassion.
34 And coming to him, he bandaged his wounds, pouring on oil and wine; and putting him on his own animal, he brought him to an inn, and took care of him.
35 On the next day, when he departed, he took out two denarii, and gave [them] to the innkeeper, and said to him, 'Take care of him; and whatever you spend in addition, when I come back, I will repay you.'
36 So which of these three does it seem to you proved to be a neighbor to the man who fell among the bandits?"
37 And he said, "the [one] who showed mercy to him."Then Jesus said to him, "Go and do likewise."
Essa parábola nos ensina sobre o amor ao próximo, independentemente de raça ou religião. O samaritano ajudou um desconhecido, mostrando que a verdadeira fé se revela no amor ao próximo.
3. A Ovelha Perdida (Lucas 15:4-7)
4 What man of you, having a hundred sheep, and loses one of them, does not leave behind the ninety-nine in the wilderness, and goes after the one having been lost until he finds it?
5 And having found it, he puts [it] on his own shoulders, rejoicing.
6 And coming into the house, he calls together his friends and neighbors, saying to them, 'Rejoice with me, for I have found my sheep which was lost!'
7 I say to you that likewise [there] shall be more joy in heaven over one sinner repenting than over ninety-nine righteous who need no repentance.
Deus é como o pastor que busca incessantemente uma ovelha perdida. Essa parábola revela o amor incansável de Deus pelos pecadores, celebrando a alegria no céu quando alguém se arrepende.
4. O Filho Pródigo (Lucas 15:11-32)
11 Then He said: "A certain man had two sons.
12 And the younger of them said to his father, 'Father, give to me the share of the wealth which falls to [me].' So he divided to them his livelihood.
13 And not many days after, having gathered together all things, the younger son went on a journey to a distant country, and there wasted his possessions with prodigal living.
14 But when he had spent everything, there arose a severe famine throughout that country, and he began to be in need.
15 Then he went and joined himself to a citizen of that country, and he sent him into his fields to feed swine.
16 And he was longing to fill his stomach with the carob pods which the swine were eating, and no one gave him anything.
17 But having come to himself, he said, 'How many of my father's hired servants have an abundance of bread, and I am perishing with hunger!
18 I will arise and go to my father, and I will say to him, "Father, I have sinned against heaven and before you,
19 and I am no longer worthy to be called your son. Make me like one of your hired servants."'
20 And he arose and went to his father. But when he was still far off, his father saw him and was moved with compassion, and he ran and fell on his neck and kissed him.
21 And the son said to him, 'Father, I have sinned against heaven and before you, and am no longer worthy to be called your son.'
22 But the father said to his servants, 'Bring out the best robe and put [it] on him, and put a ring on his hand and sandals on his feet.
23 And bring the fatted calf here and slaughter it, and let us eat and be merry;
24 for this my son was dead and came to life, and he was lost and was found.' And they began to be merry.
25 Now his older son was in the field. And as he came and drew near to the house, he heard music and dancing.
26 And having summoned one of the servants, he was inquiring what these things might be.
27 And he said to him, 'Your brother has come, and because he has received him back in good health, your father has killed the fatted calf.'
28 But he was angry and would not go in. Therefore his father came out and began to plead with him.
29 So he answered and said to his father, 'Lo, so many years I have been serving you and I never transgressed your commandment; and yet you never gave me a young goat, that I might make merry with my friends.
30 But when this son of yours came, who has devoured your livelihood with prostitutes, you slaughtered the fatted calf for him.'
31 And he said to him, 'Son, you are always with me, and all that I have is yours.
32 But it was necessary to be merry and to rejoice, because your brother was dead and is alive again, and was lost and is found.' "
A parábola do filho pródigo fala sobre o perdão e o amor incondicional de Deus por Seus filhos, mesmo quando se desviam.
5. A Pérola de Grande Valor (Mateus 13:45-46)
45 "Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a merchant seeking beautiful pearls,
46 who, when he found one very precious pearl, went and sold everything he had and bought it."
Jesus ensina que o Reino de Deus é o bem mais precioso e devemos estar dispostos a renunciar tudo para possuí-lo.
6. O Fariseu e o Publicano (Lucas 18:9-14)
9 Also He spoke this parable to some who trusted in themselves that they were righteous, and despised the others:
10 Two men went up to the temple to pray, the one a Pharisee and the other a tax collector.
11 The Pharisee stood and prayed thus with himself, 'God, I thank You that I am not like other men-swindlers, unjust, adulterers, or even like this tax collector.
12 I fast twice a week, I tithe [on ]all things, as many as I acquire.'
13 And the tax collector, standing far away, would not so much as lift his eyes towards heaven, but beat on his chest, saying, 'God, be merciful to me a sinner!'
14 I say to you, this man went down to his house justified rather than the other; for everyone who exalts himself shall be humbled, and he who humbles himself shall be exalted."
Essa parábola nos lembra que Deus valoriza um coração humilde e arrependido, em contraste com a arrogância espiritual. O publicano, ao reconhecer seus pecados, foi justificado diante de Deus.
7. Os Talentos (Mateus 25:14-30)
14 "For [it is ]as[ if] a man leaving on a journey, who called his own servants and handed over his possessions to them.
15 And to the one he gave five talents, and to another two, and to another one, to each according to his own ability; and immediately he went on a journey.
16 Then the [one] receiving the five talents went and traded with them, and made five other talents.
17 And likewise the [one receiving the ]two gained two more also.
18 But the [one] receiving one went away and dug in the ground, and hid his lord's money.
19 Then after much time, the lord of those servants came and settled accounts with them.
20 And the [one] who had received five talents came and brought five other talents, saying, 'Lord, you delivered to me five talents; look, I gained five more talents besides them.'
21 "His lord said to him, 'Well done, good and faithful servant; you were faithful over a few things, I will make you ruler over many things. Enter into the joy of your lord.'
22 "And also the [one ]receiving the two talents came and said, 'Lord, you delivered to me two talents; look, I have gained two more talents besides them.'
23 "His lord said to him, 'Well done, good and faithful servant; you have been faithful over a few things, I will make you ruler over many things. Enter into the joy of your lord.'
24 "Then the [one] having received the one talent came and said, 'Lord, I knew you, that you are a hard man, reaping where you did not sow, and gathering where you did not scatter.
25 And being afraid, I went off and hid your talent in the ground. Look, you have what is yours.'
26 "But his lord answered and said to him, 'You wicked and slothful servant, you knew that I reap where I did not sow, and gather where I did not scatter.
27 Therefore you should have deposited my money with the bankers, and at my coming I would have received what is mine with interest.
28 Therefore take the talent from him, and give it to him who has the ten talents.
29 For to everyone who has, [more] shall be given, and he shall have abundance; but to him who does not have, even what he has shall be taken away from him.
30 And cast the useless servant into the darkness outside. There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth.'
Nesta história, Jesus ensina sobre a responsabilidade de usar bem os dons e recursos que Deus nos confiou. A fidelidade nas pequenas coisas abre portas para bênçãos maiores.
8. O Rico e Lázaro (Lucas 16:19-31)
19 "Now there was a certain rich man who was clothed in purple and fine linen, enjoying himself splendidly every day.
20 But there was a certain beggar named Lazarus, covered with sores, who had been placed at his gate,
21 and longing to be fed with the crumbs which fell from the rich man's table. And even the dogs came and would lick his sores.
22 And it came to pass that the beggar died, and he was carried away by the angels to Abraham's bosom. The rich man also died and was buried.
23 And being in torments in Hades, he lifted up his eyes and saw Abraham from afar, and Lazarus in his bosom.
24 Then he cried and said, 'Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus so that he may dip the tip of his finger in water and cool my tongue; for I am suffering in this flame.'
25 But Abraham said, 'Child, remember that in your lifetime you received your good things, and likewise Lazarus bad things, but now here he is comforted and you are suffering.
26 And besides all this, between us and you a great gulf has been fixed, so that those who desire to cross [over ]from here to you are not able, nor may those from there cross over to us.'
27 Then he said, 'Therefore I beseech you, father, that you would send him to my father's house,
28 for I have five brothers, so that he may testify to them, lest they also come to this place of torment.'
29 Abraham said to him, 'They have Moses and the prophets; let them hear them.'
30 And he said, 'No, father Abraham; but if someone from the dead should go to them, they will repent.'
31 But he said to him, 'If they do not hear Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded should one rise from the dead.' "
A parábola alerta sobre as consequências de negligenciar os necessitados e viver para si mesmo. Também destaca a realidade do julgamento e da vida após a morte.
9. O Joio e o Trigo (Mateus 13:24-30)
24 Another parable He set before them, saying: "The kingdom of heaven is like a man sowing good seed in his field.
25 But while the men were sleeping, his enemy came and sowed tares among the wheat and went away.
26 But when the stalk had sprouted and produced fruit, then the tares also appeared.
27 So the servants of the master of the house approached and said to him, 'Sir, [was it ]not good seed you sowed in your field? From where then does it have tares?'
28 "He said to them, 'An enemy has done this.' So the servants said to him, 'Do you wish then that we should go and gather them up?'
29 "But he said, 'No, lest gathering up the tares you also uproot the wheat with them.
30 Leave both to grow together until the harvest; and at the time of harvest I will say to the reapers, "First gather together the tares, and bind them into bundles to burn them, but gather together the wheat into my barn."' "
Essa história simboliza o bem e o mal coexistindo no mundo até o julgamento final, quando Deus fará a separação entre os justos e os ímpios.
10. As Dez Virgens (Mateus 25:1-13)
1 "Then shall the kingdom of heaven be likened unto ten virgins, who having taken their lamps, went out to meet the bridegroom.
2 Now five of them were wise, and five [were] foolish.
3 Those who [were] foolish, having taken their lamps, did not take oil with them,
4 but the wise took oil in their vessels along with their lamps.
5 But while the bridegroom was delayed, they all became drowsy and slept.
6 And at midnight a cry was heard: 'Behold, the bridegroom is coming; go out to meet him!'
7 "Then all those virgins arose, and they trimmed their lamps.
8 And the foolish said to the wise, 'Give us [some] of your oil, for our lamps are going out.'
9 "But the wise answered, saying, 'No, lest there should not be enough for you and us; but go rather to those who sell, and buy for yourselves.'
10 "But as they went away to buy, the bridegroom came, and those who were ready went in with him to the wedding; and the door was shut.
11 Afterward the remaining virgins came also, saying, 'Lord, Lord, open to us!'
12 "But he answered and said, 'Assuredly I say to you, I do not know you.'
13 "Watch therefore, for you do not know the day nor the hour in which the Son of Man is coming.
Jesus enfatiza a necessidade de estarmos sempre preparados espiritualmente para Sua segunda vinda, pois ninguém sabe o momento exato.
As parábolas de Jesus continuam sendo fontes ricas de sabedoria e direção para a vida cristã. Ao aplicarmos esses ensinamentos, nos aproximamos mais de Deus e de Sua vontade.
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