As 10 parábolas mais importantes de Jesus

Jesus ensinou lições profundas por meio de parábolas, histórias curtas e simbólicas que comunicam verdades espirituais. Cada parábola tem um significado especial e atemporal, revelando o caráter de Deus e ensinando como viver como cristãos. Aqui estão 10 das parábolas mais marcantes e suas lições:

1. Parábola do Semeador (Mateus 13:3-9)

3 He then spoke many things to them in figurative language. »The sower goes out,« He said, »to sow.

4 As he sows, some of the seed falls by the way-side, and the birds come and peck it up.

5 Some falls on rocky ground, where it has but scanty soil. It quickly shows itself above ground, because it has no depth of earth;

6 but when the sun is risen, it is scorched by the heat, and through having no root it withers up.

7 Some falls among the thorns; but the thorns spring up and stifle it.

8 But a portion falls upon good ground, and gives a return, some a hundred for one, some sixty, some thirty.

9 Listen, every one who has ears!«

A parábola do semeador fala sobre a receptividade das pessoas à Palavra de Deus. Cada tipo de solo representa diferentes maneiras de receber e aplicar o Evangelho em nossas vidas. Somente um coração fértil e comprometido pode dar frutos espirituais abundantes.

2. O Bom Samaritano (Lucas 10:25-37)

25 Then an expounder of the Law stood up to test Him with a question. »Rabbi,« he asked, »what shall I do to inherit the Life of the Ages?«

26 »Go to the Law,« said Jesus; »what is written there? how does it read?«

27 »Thou shalt love the Lord thy God,'« he replied, »with thy whole heart, thy whole soul, thy whole strength, and thy whole mind; and thy fellow man as much as thyself.'«

28 »A right answer,« said Jesus; »do that, and you shall live.«

29 But he, desiring to justify himself, said, »But what is meant by my fellow man'?«

30 Jesus replied, »A man was once on his way down from Jerusalem to Jericho when he fell among robbers, who after both stripping and beating him went away, leaving him half dead.

31 Now a priest happened to be going down that way, and on seeing him passed by on the other side.

32 In like manner a Levite also came to the place, and seeing him passed by on the other side.

33 But a certain Samaritan, being on a journey, came where he lay, and seeing him was moved with pity.

34 He went to him, and dressed his wounds with oil and wine and bound them up. Then placing him on his own mule he brought him to an inn, where he bestowed every care on him.

35 The next day he took out two shillings and gave them to the innkeeper. »Take care of him,' he said, and whatever further expense you are put to, I will repay it you at my next visit.'

36 »Which of those three seems to you to have acted like a fellow man to him who fell among the robbers?«

37 »The one who showed him pity,« he replied. »Go,« said Jesus, »and act in the same way.«

Essa parábola nos ensina sobre o amor ao próximo, independentemente de raça ou religião. O samaritano ajudou um desconhecido, mostrando que a verdadeira fé se revela no amor ao próximo.

3. A Ovelha Perdida (Lucas 15:4-7)

4 »Which of you men, if he has a hundred sheep and has lost one of them, does not leave the ninety-nine in their pasture and go in search of the lost one till he finds it?«

5 And when he has found it, he lifts it on his shoulder, glad at heart.

6 Then coming home he calls his friends and neighbours together, and says, Congratulate me, for I have found my sheep–the one I had lost.'

7 I tell you that in the same way there will be rejoicing in Heaven over one repentant sinner–more rejoicing than over ninety-nine blameless persons who have no need of repentance.

Deus é como o pastor que busca incessantemente uma ovelha perdida. Essa parábola revela o amor incansável de Deus pelos pecadores, celebrando a alegria no céu quando alguém se arrepende.

4. O Filho Pródigo (Lucas 15:11-32)

11 He went on to say, »There was a man who had two sons.

12 The younger of them said to his father, »Father, give me the share of the property that comes to me.' «So he divided his wealth between them.

13 No long time afterwards the younger son got all together and travelled to a distant country, where he wasted his money in debauchery and excess.

14 At last, when he had spent everything, there came a terrible famine throughout that country, and he began to feel the pinch of want.

15 So he went and hired himself to one of the inhabitants of that country, who sent him on to his farm to tend swine;

16 and he longed to make a hearty meal of the pods the swine were eating, but no one gave him any.

17 »But on coming to himself he said,« How many of my father's hired men have more bread than they want, while I here am dying of hunger!

18 I will rise and go to my father, and will say to him, Father, I have sinned against Heaven and before you:

19 I no longer deserve to be called a son of yours: treat me as one of your hired men.'

20 »So he rose and came to his father. But while he was still a long way off, his father saw him and pitied him, and ran and threw his arms round his neck and kissed him tenderly.«

21 »Father,' cried the son, I have sinned against Heaven and before you: no longer do I deserve to be called a son of yours.'«

22 »But the father said to his servants,« Fetch a good coat quickly –the best one– and put it on him; and bring a ring for his finger and shoes for his feet.

23 Fetch the fat calf and kill it, and let us feast and enjoy ourselves;

24 for my son here was dead and has come to life again: he was lost and has been found.' »And they began to be merry.

25 »Now his elder son was out on the farm; and when he returned and came near home, he heard music and dancing.«

26 Then he called one of the lads to him and asked what all this meant.

27 »Your brother has come,' he replied; and your father has had the fat calf killed, because he has got him home safe and sound.'«

28 »Then he was angry and would not go in. But his father came out and entreated him.«

29 »All these years,' replied the son, I have been slaving for you, and I have never at any time disobeyed any of your orders, and yet you have never given me so much as a kid, for me to enjoy myself with my friends;«

30 but now that this son of yours is come who has eaten up your property among his bad women, you have killed the fat calf for him.'

31 »You my dear son,' said the father, are always with me, and all that is mine is also yours.«

32 We are bound to make merry and rejoice, for this brother of yours was dead and has come back to life, he was lost and has been found.'«

A parábola do filho pródigo fala sobre o perdão e o amor incondicional de Deus por Seus filhos, mesmo quando se desviam.

5. A Pérola de Grande Valor (Mateus 13:45-46)

45 »Again the Kingdom of the Heavens is like a jewel merchant who is in quest of choice pearls.«

46 He finds one most costly pearl; he goes away; and though it costs all he has, he buys it.

Jesus ensina que o Reino de Deus é o bem mais precioso e devemos estar dispostos a renunciar tudo para possuí-lo.

6. O Fariseu e o Publicano (Lucas 18:9-14)

9 And to some who relied on themselves as being righteous men, and looked down upon all others, He addressed this parable.

10 »Two men went up to the Temple to pray,« He said; »one being a Pharisee and the other a tax-gatherer.

11 The Pharisee, standing erect, prayed as follows by himself: »O God, I thank Thee that I am not like other people–I am not a thief nor a cheat nor an adulterer, nor do I even resemble this tax-gatherer.

12 I fast twice a week. I pay the tithe on all my gains.'

13 »But the tax-gatherer, standing far back, would not so much as lift his eyes to Heaven, but kept beating his breast and saying,« O God, be reconciled to me, sinner that I am.'

14 »I tell you that this man went home more thoroughly absolved from guilt than the other; for every one who uplifts himself will be humbled, but he who humbles himself will be uplifted.«

Essa parábola nos lembra que Deus valoriza um coração humilde e arrependido, em contraste com a arrogância espiritual. O publicano, ao reconhecer seus pecados, foi justificado diante de Deus.

7. Os Talentos (Mateus 25:14-30)

14 »Why, it is like a man who, when going on his travels, called his bondservants and entrusted his property to their care.«

15 To one he gave five talents, to another two, to another one–to each according to his individual capacity; and then started from home.

16 Without delay the one who had received the five talents went and employed them in business, and gained five more.

17 In the same way he who had the two gained two more.

18 But the man who had received the one went and dug a hole and buried his master's money.

19 »After a long lapse of time the master of those servants returned, and had a reckoning with them.«

20 The one who had received the five talents came and brought five more, and said, »Sir, it was five talents that you entrusted to me: see, I have gained five more.'

21 »You have done well, good and trustworthy servant,' replied his master; you have been trustworthy in the management of a little, I will put you in charge of much: share your master's joy.'«

22 »The second, who had received the two talents, came and said,« Sir, it was two talents you entrusted to me: see, I have gained two more.'

23 »Good and trustworthy servant, you have done well,' his master replied; you have been trustworthy in the management of a little, I will put you in charge of much: share your master's joy.'«

24 »But, next, the man who had the one talent in his keeping came and said,« Sir, I knew you to be a severe man, reaping where you had not sown and garnering what you had not winnowed.

25 So being afraid I went and buried your talent in the ground: there you have what belongs to you.'

26 »You wicked and slothful servant,' replied his master, did you know that I reap where I have not sown, and garner what I have not winnowed?«

27 Your duty then was to deposit my money in some bank, and so when I came I should have got back my property with interest.

28 So take away the talent from him, and give it to the man who has the ten.'

29 (For to every one who has, more shall be given, and he shall have abundance; but from him who has nothing, even what he has shall be taken away.)

30 But as for this worthless servant, put him out into the darkness outside: there will be the weeping and the gnashing of teeth.'

Nesta história, Jesus ensina sobre a responsabilidade de usar bem os dons e recursos que Deus nos confiou. A fidelidade nas pequenas coisas abre portas para bênçãos maiores.

8. O Rico e Lázaro (Lucas 16:19-31)

19 »There was once a rich man who habitually arrayed himself in purple and fine linen, and enjoyed a splendid banquet every day,

20 while at his outer door there lay a beggar, Lazarus by name,

21 covered with sores and longing to make a full meal off the scraps flung on the floor from the rich man's table. Nay, the dogs, too, used to come and lick his sores.«

22 »But in course of time the beggar died; and he was carried by the angels into Abraham's bosom. The rich man also died, and had a funeral.«

23 And in Hades, being in torment, he looked and saw Abraham in the far distance, and Lazarus resting in his arms.

24 So he cried aloud, and said, »Father Abraham, take pity on me and send Lazarus to dip the tip of his finger in water and cool my tongue, for I am in agony in this flame.'

25 »Remember, my child,' said Abraham, that you had all your good things during your lifetime, and that Lazarus in like manner had his bad things. But, now and here, he is receiving consolation and you are in agony.«

26 And, besides all this, a vast chasm is immovably fixed between us and you, put there in order that those who desire to cross from this side to you may not be able, nor any be able to cross over from your side to us.'

27 »I entreat you then, father,' said he, to send him to my father's house.«

28 For I have five brothers. Let him earnestly warn them, lest they also come to this place of torment.'

29 »They have Moses and the Prophets,' replied Abraham; let them hear them.'«

30 »No, father Abraham,' he pleaded; but if some one goes to them from the dead, they will repent.'«

31 »If they are deaf to Moses and the Prophets,' replied Abraham, they would not be led to believe even if some one should rise from the dead.'«

A parábola alerta sobre as consequências de negligenciar os necessitados e viver para si mesmo. Também destaca a realidade do julgamento e da vida após a morte.

9. O Joio e o Trigo (Mateus 13:24-30)

24 Another parable He put before them. »The Kingdom of the Heavens,« He said, »may be compared to a man who has sown good seed in his field,

25 but during the night his enemy comes, and over the first seed he sows darnel among the wheat, and goes away.

26 But when the blade shoots up and the grain is formed, then appears the darnel also.

27 So the farmer's men come and ask him, »Sir, was it not good seed that you sowed on your land? Where then does the darnel come from?'

28 Some enemy has done this,' he said. »Shall we go, and collect it?' the men inquire.

29 »No,' he replied, for fear that while collecting the darnel you should at the same time root up the wheat with it.

30 Leave both to grow together until the harvest, and at harvest-time I will direct the reapers, Collect the darnel first, and make it up into bundles to burn it, but bring all the wheat into my barn.'«

Essa história simboliza o bem e o mal coexistindo no mundo até o julgamento final, quando Deus fará a separação entre os justos e os ímpios.

10. As Dez Virgens (Mateus 25:1-13)

1 »Then will the Kingdom of the Heavens be found to be like ten bridesmaids who took their torches and went out to meet the bridegroom.«

2 Five of them were foolish and five were wise.

3 For the foolish, when they took their torches, did not provide themselves with oil;

4 but the wise, besides their torches, took oil in their flasks.

5 The bridegroom was a long time in coming, so that meanwhile they all became drowsy and fell asleep.

6 But at midnight there is a loud cry, »The bridegroom! Go out and meet him!'

7 »Then all those bridesmaids roused themselves and trimmed their torches.«

8 »Give us some of your oil,' said the foolish ones to the wise, for our torches are going out.'«

9 »But perhaps,' replied the wise, there will not be enough for all of us. Go to the shops rather, and buy some for yourselves.'«

10 »So they went to buy. But meanwhile the bridegroom came; those bridesmaids who were ready went in with him to the wedding banquet; and the door was shut.«

11 »Afterwards the other bridesmaids came and cried,« Sir, Sir, open the door to us.'

12 »In solemn truth I tell you,' he replied, I do not know you.'«

13 »Keep awake therefore; for you know neither the day nor the hour.«

Jesus enfatiza a necessidade de estarmos sempre preparados espiritualmente para Sua segunda vinda, pois ninguém sabe o momento exato.

As parábolas de Jesus continuam sendo fontes ricas de sabedoria e direção para a vida cristã. Ao aplicarmos esses ensinamentos, nos aproximamos mais de Deus e de Sua vontade.

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